Translation and analysis of words by ChatGPT artificial intelligence
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New Technology File System - translation to English
![NTFS file system permissions on a modern [[Windows]] system](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/NTPermissions.png?width=200 "NTFS file system permissions on a modern [[Windows]] system")
![One [[petabyte]] (1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes) of sparse files, 0 bytes on disk.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/One Petabyte of Files (Windows 10 Professional).png?width=200 "One [[petabyte]] (1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes) of sparse files, 0 bytes on disk.")
![A sparse file: Empty bytes don't need to be saved, thus they can be represented by [[metadata]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sparse file (en).svg?width=200 "A sparse file: Empty bytes don't need to be saved, thus they can be represented by [[metadata]].")
![[[File System Visualizer]], one example of a 3D file manager](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/FSV-OSX-screenshot.png?width=200 "[[File System Visualizer]], one example of a 3D file manager")
![Miller Column]] browser from [[GNUstep]] is a type of Navigational file manager.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/GNUstep-liveCD.png?width=200 "Miller Column]] browser from [[GNUstep]] is a type of Navigational file manager.")
![[[Midnight Commander]], an orthodox file manager with a [[text-based user interface]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Midnight Commander 4.7.0.9 on Ubuntu 11.04.png?width=200 "[[Midnight Commander]], an orthodox file manager with a [[text-based user interface]]")
![The [[Nautilus file manager]] had a spatial mode, which was removed with the arrival of GNOME (and with it Nautilus) version 3.x. Each of these windows displays an open directory.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nautilus-spatial.png?width=200 "The [[Nautilus file manager]] had a spatial mode, which was removed with the arrival of GNOME (and with it Nautilus) version 3.x. Each of these windows displays an open directory.")
![Nemo]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nemo 4.0.6 screenshot.png?width=200 "Nemo]]")
![File Manager]] in [[Windows 10]], displaying the contents of partition X:](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Winfile 20210710 10 10 22.png?width=200 "File Manager]] in [[Windows 10]], displaying the contents of partition X:")
![An example of slack space, demonstrated with 4,096-[[byte]] NTFS clusters: 100,000 files, each five bytes per file, which equal to 500,000 bytes of actual data but require 409,600,000 bytes of disk space to store <!-- The size listing shown in Explorer is oddly doubly-wrong. The example files are 5 bytes each, not 0.1K, and the clusters are a minimum of 4K not 1K.-->](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/100 000-files 5-bytes each -- 400 megs of slack space.png?width=200 "An example of slack space, demonstrated with 4,096-[[byte]] NTFS clusters: 100,000 files, each five bytes per file, which equal to 500,000 bytes of actual data but require 409,600,000 bytes of disk space to store <!-- The size listing shown in Explorer is oddly doubly-wrong. The example files are 5 bytes each, not 0.1K, and the clusters are a minimum of 4K not 1K.-->")
![Windows]] command shell](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dir command in Windows Command Prompt.png?width=200 "Windows]] command shell")
![fragmented]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/File system fragmentation.png?width=200 "fragmented]]")
Wikipedia
New Technology File System (NTFS) is a proprietary journaling file system developed by Microsoft. Starting with Windows NT 3.1, it is the default file system of the Windows NT family. It superseded File Allocation Table (FAT) as the preferred filesystem on Windows and is supported in Linux and BSD as well. NTFS reading and writing support is provided using a free and open-source kernel implementation known as NTFS3 in Linux and the NTFS-3G driver in BSD. By using the convert command, Windows can convert FAT32/16/12 into NTFS without the need to rewrite all files. NTFS uses several files typically hidden from the user to store metadata about other files stored on the drive which can help improve speed and performance when reading data. Unlike FAT and High Performance File System (HPFS), NTFS supports access control lists (ACLs), filesystem encryption, transparent compression, sparse files and file system journaling. NTFS also supports shadow copy to allow backups of a system while it is running, but the functionality of the shadow copies varies between different versions of Windows.
